What is type one diabetes?

What are you talking about high and low blood sugars? It has nothing to do with that. It's about the body's ability or inability to produce insulin. Type 1 is a genetic disease that you are born with which can manifest itself either at birth or later in life, usually in your teens. Type 2 is when you're a fat fuck.

You have confused Diabetes with Hyperglycaemia and Hypoglycaemia.
Hyper means too high.
Hypo mean too low.
Glyc means sugar.
Aemia means blood.
(These words are all either Latin, Ancient Greek or both.)
Sugar is one of the 3 sources of fuel that the body uses. It is most easily and quickly utilized fuel which is why athletes drink Gatorade etc. Sugar is carried by the arterial blood to the entire body.
Therefore,
Hyperglycaemia means your blood sugar is too high.
Hypoglycaemia means your blood sugar is too low. This might lead you to faint.
Both hyper and hypoglycaemia are dangerous.
It is important that you have neither of them and that your blood sugar is always constant at a normal level. However, how can this be possible when people fast all night then have a coffee with two sugars, some sugary cereal, and jam on toast for breakfast?
The answer is insulin. This is a hormone made by an organ called the pancreas which sits underneath your stomach. The pancreas releases insulin which regulates the blood sugar levels. Excess sugar is stored away for later. If there isn't enough sugar, your body releases some from storage.
The disease Diabetes (which is short for Diabetes Mellitus) occurs when your pancreas doesn't work properly and doesn't produce enough insulin.
There are two types of diabetes.
Type 1: you are born with. It's genetic. You will need to check your blood sugar levels and inject insulin probably for your entire life.
Type 2: is also called "Adult Onset Diabetes". It is a lifestyle disease which you get from a lifetime of eating a diet too high in sugar. After years of this, your overworked pancreas conks out. Some people with type 2 do not require insulin (this is called Non-Insulin Dependent).
All people with diabetes require a special diet that has a "low glycaemic index".

Can you explain to me why you didn't look this up on wikipedia? If you find Wikipedia too complex, you can use Wikipedia Simple English instead. I encourage you to use that.

None of your poll options fit. I'm no doctor, but both my mom and cousin have Type 1 and so I can answer with some confidence.

First of all, you aren't necessarily born with Type 1. My mom developed it at 21 and my cousin at 11. Type 1 is when the body does not naturally produce insulin, which regulates the sugars in the blood. They can have both high and low blood sugars. When it's high, they take insulin. When low, they eat something with sugar.

Type 2 has the same effects as Type 1 but is caused by the body producing a lot of insulin over a great deal of time to deal with the sugar intake, which is why it generally is present in overweight people.

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is an autoimmune disease which destroys the beta cells in the pancreas. The beta cells produce insulin which is a hormone which is released when blood sugar gets too high, without it a person can suffer from the effects of hyperglycaemia. What a lot of people don't know is that the alpha cells in the pancreas can also be destroyed which leads to a person not being able to produce the hormone glycagon, glycagon is released when blood sugar gets too low, without it a person can suffer from the effects of hypoglycaemia. So if a person with diabetes mellitus has both their alpha and beta cells destroyed they cannot regulate either low or high blood sugar levels.

You're on the internet. Couldn't you have just googled it and found out yourself?

Why would you come to IIN to find out what type one diabetes is?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes

I'm being a grammar Nazi here but in the genuine interest of helping you out, I must point out that the following is incorrect: "We use to have children .."
It's "We USED to have children ..."
You have to stick a "d" on the end because you are talking about something which happened in the past (children who had to eat at certain hours of the day because of their diabetes, but you are no longer at a school with these children.)
For example, you would say, "I dined out last week", not, "I dine out last week."

google?

Broadly speaking: Type 1 means you produce no insulin, Type 2 means you either produce some insulin but not enough or the cells are not responding correctly to the insulin that *is* produced. Type 1 (I think) is genetic, although that doesn't necessarily mean it shows signs from birth. Type 2 (by far the most common type) is more likely to be caused by lifestyle factors like diet.

EDIT: Reading material for you http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/7504.php